As Covid cases rise across the country, Dr Rakesh Gupta, senior consultant, internal medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, tells us how different are the new COVID-19 variants infecting the Indian population from what we saw earlier. “The new COVID-19 variants, such as NB.1.8.1 and LF.7, differ from earlier strains like Delta and Omicron due to distinct genetic mutations that may enhance transmissibility. These variants are classified as ‘Variants Under Monitoring’ by the WHO, meaning they are being tracked for changes in behaviour but are not yet considered more dangerous. While they spread more easily, most cases remain mild and manageable at home, unlike the severe illness seen during earlier waves. There is no evidence yet of increased hospitalisations or deaths directly linked to these new variants.”
How virulent are the new strains, and what are the symptoms to look for?
The new strains, NB.1.8.1 and LF.7, appear to be more transmissible, but current data indicate they do not cause more severe illness than previous variants. Most infections present with mild, flu-like symptoms such as sore throat, fatigue, mild cough, fever, muscle aches, headaches, nasal congestion, and sometimes gastrointestinal issues like nausea and stomach discomfort. Unique features of the JN.1 subvariant, still prevalent, include persistent low-grade fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Severe symptoms are rare, and most people recover at home without complications.
Should people go for fresh vaccination, and which ones if yes?
Health authorities continue to recommend vaccination and booster doses, as current vaccines remain effective against these new variants. There is no indication that NB.1.8.1 or LF.7 significantly evade immunity from vaccines or past infections. Vulnerable groups — such as the elderly, pregnant women, and those with underlying health conditions — should especially ensure their vaccinations are up to date. Consult local health advisories for the latest booster recommendations and vaccine availability.
When to seek medical attention?
Medical attention should be sought if symptoms persist, worsen, or if you experience breathing difficulties, high fever, chest pain, confusion, or a significant drop in oxygen saturation. Individuals with underlying health conditions should be more vigilant. For mild symptoms, self-isolation, hydration, and rest are generally sufficient, but testing is advised to confirm infection and prevent spread. Prompt medical care is crucial for those experiencing severe or rapidly worsening symptoms.
Any fresh precautions in addition to what we practiced earlier?
The basic precautions remain effective: wear masks in crowded or enclosed spaces, maintain hand hygiene, avoid large gatherings, and ensure proper ventilation. With the rise in cases, extra vigilance is advised for vulnerable groups. Continue to monitor for symptoms, get tested if unwell, and stay updated on local advisories. There are no new precautions beyond these established measures, but renewed emphasis on compliance is recommended to curb transmission.